There are no USP approved Acetyl L-Carnitine supplements.
There are no Informed Choice Approved Acetyl L-Carnitine supplements.
Carlson Labs Acetyl L-Carnitine Powder BUY: iHerb
Jarrow Formulas, Acetyl L-Carnitine, 500 mg, 120 Veggie Caps BUY: iHerb
Life Extension Acetyl L-Carnitine
NOW Foods Acetyl L-Carnitine, 750 mg, 90 Capsules BUY: iHerb
Thorne Research Carnityl, Acetyl L-Carnitine, 60 Capsules BUY: iHerb
Solgar L-Carnitine 500 mg (Kosher) BUY: iHerb
Supplemental buy for younger athletes but older athletes may find benefits for lean mass. Acetyl L-Carnitine has conflicting scientific evidence to support its benefits for aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance in young, healthy subjects (PubMed)(PubMed). When benefits are found, they are typically of anaerobic type, specifically bench press. In the elderly, L-Carnitine may also reduce body fat and increase muscle mass whilst reducing triglycerides (PubMed).
Momentous Acetyl-L-Carnitine is the only product that is approved for athletes and has both NSF Certification and Informed Sport Certification. We can’t guarantee a product’s effectiveness unless it has been lab-tested for active ingredients. Other products on the market lack these required lab-testing results.
Take 2 grams daily in conjunction with resistance training.
L-Carnitine (Not ALCAR) is safe at up to 6 grams daily (PubMed).
L-Carnitine and Acetyl L-Carnitine are involved in the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria, where they are used to produce cellular energy.
Acetyl L-Carnitine is an acetylated form of L-Carnitine that is claimed to exert neurophysiological effects (PubMed). A meta-analysis found that Acetyl L-Carnitine was effective for depressive symptoms, with subgroup analysis suggesting that ALCAR is more effective in older adults (PubMed). However, further studies are required.
Acetyl L-Carnitine is produced naturally in the body through the acetylation of L-carnitine. ALC is a carnitine ester, one of many important in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids, with ALC being quantitatively and functionally the most significant. Carnitine homeostasis is maintained between dietary absorption, a modest rate of synthesis and renal absorption (PubMed)(PubMed). Acetyl L-Carnitine is converted to L-carnitine by carnitine acetyltransferase.
The synthesis of carnitines endogenously, utilises the amino acid substrates methionine and lysine. The kidneys maintain carnitine levels in the body (PubMed).
L-Carnitine levels are dysregulated in conditions including aging, cardiomyopathy, sepsis, diabetes, obesity, cirrhosis, trauma, starvation and medical interactions (PubMed). ALC has a neuroprotective effect in cases of global and focal cerebral ischemia, and is effective in reducing nephrotoxicity by suppressing downstream mitochondrial fragmentation. It can also be administered to patients with hyperammonemia, as it can suppress ammonia levels (PubMed).
Carnitines including Acetyl L-Carnitine are important for lipid metabolism and energy production. Carnitines are essential for mitochondrial function, acting as a transporter of long chain fatty acids into the mitochondria for beta-oxidation (PubMed).
Carnitine is provided in the diet from animal protein and synthesized at low rates from trimethyl-lysine residues genereated during protein catabolism. Carnitine turnover (300-500 micromol/day) is less than 1% of body stores. Total carnitine levels are 40-50 microM in plasma vs 2-3 mM in tissue. Carnitine is removed via urinary extraction after reabsorption of 98% of the filtered load; renal carnitine threshold determines plasma concentrations and the total body carnitine pool. In children, two disorders are known where the supply of carnitine limits fatty acid oxidation; firstly, a defect in the plasma membrane carnitine symporter, presenting in infancy with cardiomyopathy or hypoketotic hypoglycemia. And secondly, chronic administration of pivalate-conjugated antibiotics where excretion of pivaloyl-carnitine causes carnitine depletion, preventing fatty acid oxidation. Carnitine-deficient diets including those of vegetarians don't cause a major effect on carnitine pool levels in adults. Halving of carnitine levels is associated with hyperalimentation in infants but isn't significant. Carnitine levels do not become rate-limiting unless extremely low (PubMed).
ACENOCOUMAROL
Acetyl L-Carnitine may increase the effects of acenocoumarol.
SEROTONERGIC DRUGS
Acetyl L-Carnitine may increase the effects of serotonergic side effects. Acetyl L-Carnitine can increase brain levels of serotonin.
THYROID HORMONE
Acetyl L-Carnitine may decrease the effectiveness of thyroid hormone replacement medication.
Study 1: L-Carnitine not Acetyl-L-Carnitine, inhibits triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) entry into the nucleus.
Study 2: Carnitine may be of clinical benefit by replacing depleted body deposits of carnitine in hyperthyroidism, reducing symptoms.
WARFARIN (Coumadin)
Acetyl L-Carnitine may increase the effects of warfarin (Coumadin).
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